Children`s Orthopaedics

Cavus foot

Basic Information

Flatfoot or pes planus is a condition associated with reduced medial longitudinal arch of the foot

Generally divided into flexible and rigid flatfoot

Causes of Flexible flatfoot

• Ligamentous laxity
• Familial

Causes of rigid flatfoot

• Tarsal coalition / Vertical talus
• Maltreated club foot

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Basic Information

Developmental Dysplasis of Hip (DDH) is a wide spectrum of condition ranging from mild change in the shape of the hip bones to hip dislocation. The hip is either dislocated or dislocatable at birth or during development of the hip after birth. Previously known as Congenital Dislocation of Hip (CDH).

Risk factors

• First born child
• Female baby
• Breech presentation
• Prematurity
• Family history

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Growth retardation of medial and posterior proximal tibial physis & epiphysis due to abnormal weight bearing stress & compression force on varus knees
Increased compresion force on physis & epiphysis inhibit growth
Leading to tibia vara or bowed legs.
Not seen in infants before walking age & nonwalkers
Bilateral in 50 % of cases
Associated with internal tibial torsion
Caused by ? repetitive trauma & mechanical stress due to early weight bearing

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Vertical Talus